Inventor: Stephanie Kwolek (1923–2014), Dupont
Invented: 1964
Commercially available from: 1967, USA
Trade names: Nomex; Kevlar
Commonly used starting materials: petroleum; natural gas
Principal characteristics: lightweight; outstanding strength-to-weight ratio, with a tensile strength equivalent to steel; good resistance to abrasion; very high melting point, low flammability.
Principal uses: protective clothing, for example bullet proof vests and fireproof suits.
Environmental impact: depletion of fossil fuels, a non-renewable resource. Sulphuric acid is one of the main chemicals used it its production. Sulphuric acid is very toxic to animals and plants and dangerous unless the correct controls are in place.
Care and signs of degradation: so far observation leads us to believe it is a relatively stable fibre.
Recyclable? Yes, it is 100% recyclable and can be used multiple times. There are firms that specialise in its recycling.
Biodegradable? No
Potential narratives:
- substitute for steel.
- a technical textile which extends the potential of what has been possible and saves lives.
- women in science.
Documented garment exemplars: