Plastics: Microstructure and Engineering Applications

Mills, N.J., 1993. Plastics: Microstructure and Engineering Applications, 2nd ed, Metallurgy and materials science series. Edward Arnold, London, Melbourne & Auckland. This book covers the following: General Editors' preface - Preface - 1. Molecular structure and manufacture - 1.1 - Categories of polymers - 1.2 Chemical characterisation - 1.3 The technology and economics of manufacture - 1.4 Grades and applications of commodity plastics - 2. Microstructure - 2.1 Introduction - 2.2 Modelling the shape of a polymer molecule - 2.3 Non-crystalline forms - 2.4 Semi-crystalline polymers - 3. Polymer composites - 3.1 Introduction - 3.2 Elastic moduli and stiffness of composites - 3.3 Layered structures in bending - 3.4 Rubber toughening - 3.5 Foams - 3.6 Block copolymers - 3.7 The modulus of polyethylene spherulites - 3.8 Glass fibre reinforcement - 4. Processing - 4.1 Introduction - 4.2 Heat transfer mechanisms - 4.3 Melt flow of thermoplastics - 4.4 Extrusion - 4.5 Processes involving melt inflation - 4.6 Injection moulding - 4.7 Reaction injection moulding - 5 Effects of processing - 5.1 Introduction - 5.2 Microstructural changes - 5.3 Macroscopic effects - 5.4 Mixing and fusion - 6. Viscoelastic behaviour - 6.1 Introduction - 6.2 Linear viscoelastic models - 6.3 Creep design - 6.4 Cyclic deformation - 7. Yielding - 7.1 Molecular mechanism of yielding - 7.2 Yield under different stress states - 7.3 Yield of different time scales - 7.4 Strain hardening - 7.5 Micro-yielding - 8. Fracture - 8.1 Introduction - 8.2 Fracture surfaces and their interpretation - 8.3 crack initiation - 8.5 Impact tests - 9. Environmental effects - 9.1 Introduction - 9.2 Degradation during processing - 9.3 Degradation at elevated temperature - 9.4 Weathering - 9.5 Environmental stress cracking - 10. Transport properties - 10.1 Gases - 10.2 Liquids - 10.3 Solids - 10.4 Light - 10.5 Thermal barriers - 11 Electrical properties - 11.1 Volume and surface resistivity - 11.2 The spectrum from insulator to conductor - 11.3 Dielectric behaviour - 11.4 Devices - 12. Material and shape selection - 12.1 Introduction - 12.2 Selection on a single parameter - 12.3 Merit indicies - 12.4 Property maps for two parameters - 12.5 Shape selection for bending stiffness - 12.6 Shape selection for torsional stiffness - 12.7 Stiffness of an injection moulded accelerator pedal - 13. Design case studies - 13.1 Introduction - 13.2 Pipelines for natural gas distribution - 13.3 Design of rigid foam protection in cycle helmets - 13.4 Data storage on polycarbonate compact discs - Appendix A. Diffusion of heat or impurities - Appendix B. Polymer melt flow analysis - Further reading - Questions - Index

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